When Should You See a Dermatologist for Skin Cysts?

When Should You See a Dermatologist for Skin Cysts? 

Skin cysts are a common dermatological concern. Although many are harmless and may go unnoticed for years, some can become painful, infected, or cosmetically bothersome. Knowing when to see a dermatologist for a skin cyst can prevent complications and ensure proper treatment. This guide will break down the types of skin cysts, what to do (and what not to do) if you have one, signs you should see a doctor, and what happens if a cyst bursts beneath the skin.

The Different Types of Skin Cysts

Skin cysts are typically noncancerous, sac-like structures filled with fluid, pus, or other material. Here are the most common types:

Epidermoid Cysts

• The most common type.
• Form when skin cells multiply beneath the skin instead of shedding.
• Usually appears on the face or neck.
• Filled with keratin, a yellowish, cheese-like protein material.
  

Pilar (Trichilemmal) Cysts

• Typically develop on the scalp.
• Arise from hair follicles.
• Often run in families and tend to be firmer than epidermoid cysts.
  

Sebaceous Cysts

• Rare compared to other types.
• Arise from sebaceous (oil) glands.
• Often associated with oily skin or acne-prone areas.
  

Dermoid Cysts

• Congenital (present at birth).
• Can contain hair, teeth, or skin glands.
• Typically found around the eyes, nose, or neck.

What to Do (and Not Do) About Skin Cysts

When it comes to skin cysts there are certain things you should do and certain things you should avoid. When a cyst appears, you should monitor it. If it’s small, painless, and not changing, it may not require treatment. You should also practice good hygiene, especially if it’s on the face, back, or scalp. In some cases, using a warm compress may help encourage drainage and reduce inflammation.

Overall you should avoid friction or pressure from clothing or accessories. You should also stay away from trying to pop or squeeze the cyst, as this can push infected material deeper into the skin and worsen inflammation or cause a deeper infection. Additionally, home drainage can increase the risk of infection and scarring. Do not ignore the signs of infection (redness, swelling, pain, and pus), and contact a dermatologist if you are concerned with the cyst. 

When Should You See a Dermatologist About a Skin Cyst?

There are a number of signs you can look for to help decide whether you need to see a dermatologist about a skin cyst. You should consult a dermatologist if:

• The cyst is painful, red, or inflamed.
• It’s rapidly growing or changing in appearance.
• There’s pus or fluid drainage, especially if it has a foul smell.
• The cyst has burst or ruptured.
• It’s located in a sensitive area (e.g., genitals, eyes, or breast).
• You have multiple cysts, which could indicate an underlying condition.
• The cyst is cosmetically distressing or affecting your confidence.
• You suspect it’s not a cyst (e.g., could be a lipoma, abscess, or skin cancer).

What Happens If a Cyst Pops Under the Skin?

There are certain cases where a cyst will pop under the skin. If a cyst ruptures beneath the skin its contents (like keratin or sebum) spill into the surrounding tissue. This can trigger a severe inflammatory reaction, leading to swelling, pain, and redness. An abscess may form, requiring drainage and antibiotics. If not treated properly, it can lead to scarring or even systemic infection in rare cases. If a skin cyst ruptures, it is strongly advised to seek a medical evaluation.

How Long Do Skin Cysts Last?

Oftentimes, patients will wonder, “do cysts go away?” Small, uninfected cysts can persist for years without causing problems. Some may resolve on their own, especially if caused by trauma or blocked pores. Others remain stable in size, while some grow over time. Inflamed or infected cysts usually won’t go away without medical intervention and may need to be drained or surgically removed.

What Does an Infected Skin Cyst Look Like?

Infected cysts may resemble boils or abscesses and should be evaluated by a doctor. Signs of an infected skin cyst include:

• Redness around the cyst. 
• Swelling and increased warmth at the site.
• Pain or tenderness, especially when touched.
• Pus or foul-smelling drainage.
• Fever or chills (if the infection spreads).

Painful Cyst? The APDKC Team Can Help. 

While most skin cysts are benign and manageable at home, you should see a dermatologist if the cyst is painful, infected, cosmetically concerning, or causing other symptoms. You should also seek help if a sebaceous cyst keeps refilling. Trying to treat a cyst at home, especially by squeezing or cutting it, can lead to complications and infection. Dermatologists can accurately diagnose the cyst type, rule out more serious conditions, and offer safe, effective treatment options, including minor surgery if needed.

If you’re dealing with skin cysts or have other dermatological concerns, the Adult and Pediatric Dermatology Kansas City team is ready to help. Dr. Kaplan’s expertise in dermatology spans a wide range of treatments and procedures aimed at addressing not only cosmetic concerns but also underlying medical issues.The APD team is dedicated to providing advanced, scientifically-backed solutions to help you feel your best. To schedule an appointment, please contact APDKC at (913) 469-1115.